Jaroslav Mezník's critical commentary on the Charter 77 document No. 11/1984, The Right for History is written on a tape machine, has 9 pages, and is dated to the 17th November, 1984. Jaroslav Mezník criticises the black and white negative claims made by the authors of the document. A relatively long critical commentary is compiled by quoting a problematic passage of the document, followed by an evaluation ("inaccurate", "false", "very problematic"), and a detailed analysis with the submission of Mezník´s arguments. Mezník found most of the problems simple, and taking what the document claimed, he demonstrated a more varied spectrum of professional thinkers and scholars within contemporary Czechoslovak historiography. The most problematic part of the Document for Mezník is the sentence, "History without a human being and without God naturally cannot have any meaning…“, which caused a great upheaval among other philosophers too. At the end of the commentary Mezník expressed his sadness over the document that had been drafted. The interlocking critical response to the document led to debates that continued into the following year and led to the publication of the text History and Historiography, which partly revised the original radical denouncement of official Czechoslovak historical science.
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A madár központi elem Baász alkotói világában. A madár és a béke világa 1986-os kiállítási katalógusában a művész magyarázatot ad a madár örök motívumák a gyakori használatára. A szövegből kiindulva elmondható, hogy a madár a művész kreatív erejének, teremtő és felfedező kiváltságosságának a szimbóluma. A szárnyak – amelyek Baásznál sokszor test nélkül is szerepelnek – a szabad lehetőségek jelképei.
Az 1984-es szitán két típusú madármegjelenítést látunk. Szerepel rajta ugyanis egy realisztikusan ábrázolt, jobb fele tartó, szervezett madárraj kék háttér előtt, illetve egy veréb nyugalmi állapotban, csukott szárnyakkal. Ha jobban megfigyeljük, rájöhetünk, hogy a veréb nem igazi madár, csak egy felhúzható játék, amelyik béna, ha nem aktiválják. Hátrányosságai ellenére a játékmadár sokkal nagyobb a madárraj tagjainál és teljesen más irányba tart. Ez a munka ismét stigmatizálja az emigrációt, párhuzamot vonva a vándormadarak és a művész barátai között. A vándormadarak is hosszú utat tesznek meg azért, hogy élhetőbb körülmények között vészeljék át a tél nehéz időszakát. Egy másik értelmezés szerint a hét vándormadár a tradicionális értékeket képviselő hét székely széket jelképezi, míg a veréb, aki a művész alteregója is lehetne akár, aki múlt értékei helyett a jövő lehetőségeire koncentrál.
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Sfantu Gheorghe, Sfântu Gheorghe, Romania
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The last issue of the CADDY bulletin contained a recapitulation of the work of both the CADDY and the bulletin itself. Although the last issue appeared in November 1992, sometime later, at the beginning of March 1994, it was announced that the work of the CADDY had ended, which included the publication of the bulletin. This all happened against the backdrop of the definitive disintegration of the Yugoslav state and the war in its former territory. Such a turn of events signalled a defeat for the ideals championed by Mihajlo Mihajlov and Rusko Matulić as the main leaders of the project, who believed in the possibility of maintaining Yugoslavia in a democratized form.
Most likely, this epilogue forced Mihajlov and Matulić to forsake their work around the CADDY and the bulletin. On the other hand, there was no single-party dictatorship in the republics of the former Yugoslavia, and the public was no longer strictly controlled as it was in the preceding period. During the 1990s, the first multiparty elections were held in all of the Yugoslav republics. However, in his final message to readers, Mihajlov pointed out the pioneering role of the CADDY in informing the Western public about the status of political freedoms and human rights in Yugoslavia, and in presenting the fate of each dissident. He also stressed that CADDY was quoted in over 20 books and 60 magazines and newspapers throughout the Western world. (Rusko Matulic Papers, box 4).
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Stanford Galvez Mall 434, United States of America 94305
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The manuscript of Mihajlov's travels, “Moscow Summer,” written in English is in the box 28. The text was the fruit of Mihajlov's visit to the Soviet Union in the summer months of 1964. Mihajlov supported Nikita Khrushchev's reforms and the program of de-Stalinisation, and he criticized the changes in the Soviet leadership after Kruschev’s fall. This criticism alarmed those in charge of Yugoslavia’s foreign policy, since it could once more undermine Soviet-Yugoslav relations, which had normalized in the mid-1950s.
Referring to the publication of the first two essays of this book, Tito himself called out Mihajlov in February 1965 as a result of pressure from the Soviet ambassador due to his criticism of the new political course following the fall of Khrushchev in the autumn of 1964. Despite censorship of Mihajlov’s essays in Yugoslavia, American politicians and the public were interested in Mihajlov's case precisely because of his stance on the Soviet Union during the political upheavals in the upper echelons of the Soviet party in those years.
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Stanford Galvez Mall 434, United States of America 94305
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A letter from Milan Uhde to the Host Publishing House in October 1970 shows him rejecting the report of his dismissal from work, the editorial office Host do domu. Uhde protested against the whole process, and rejected the term "agreement" in connection with the dismissal, then refused to sign a document on the termination of employment. Uhde also wrote about the non-existent opportunities to find other reasonable employment. The short letter documents practices of persecution towards important cultural figures criticising the post–August development in Czechoslovakia, as well as a concrete example of defiance towards them.
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The document reproduces the report drawn up by two representatives of the communist Militia following the search carried out on 3 December 1986 for the purpose of investigating the possible illegal basis of the collection of art stored in Brad at the home of Dr Sorin Costina. Under Law 18/1968 regarding the control of the provenance of goods not acquired through legal means, the possessions of any physical person could be checked if there were “data or indications,” basically meaning information collected through informers, pointing to “an evident disproportion” between the estimated value of a person’s possessions and the income legally obtained by that person. The text of this minute, drawn up in the wooden language of the communist authorities, does not identify in its conclusions any illegality that might have been found as a result of the search. However it is highly relevant with regard to the manner in which the communist authorities penetrated the private lives of citizens. The document mentions that the search lasted approximately three hours and provides in ten hand-written pages a detailed inventory of all the items found in the Costina family home. It was drawn up in three copies, one of which, in the original, is now in the Costina family archive.
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The Lord Loves Us is part of the four hymnals with notation that were created by students of the Faculty of Theology of Comenius University in Bratislava between 1982 and 1984. The work on the hymnals was supervised by Amantius Akimjak. The hymnals supported the activities of the youth in the Catholic underground movement until 1989.
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Spišské Podhradie Spišská kapitula 12, Slovakia 053 04
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Minutes from the International Table Ronde SVU in Geneva were kept by Mojmir Vanek, the main organizer of the Symposium, as well as the Chairman of the Swiss Group of the Society for Science and Art (SVU) in the aftermath of the Symposium.
On two pages of machine-written text Vaněk describes the course of the symposium and who participated in it, as well as the course of discussion. The Symposium on “Culture and Freedom” was held on 28 October 1978 to mark the 60th anniversary of the founding of Czechoslovakia on behalf of the Society for Science and Arts. The so-called table ronde was held in French and was attended by six prominent people from Swiss and French cultural life: President Pro Helvetia, R. Ruffieux (Lausanne and Friborg), B. Dorival (Paris-Sorbonne), Jeanne Hersch (Geneva), G. Gottier (Geneva) and literary critic Francois Bondy (Zurich). This event was exceptionally well received in the Swiss press as well as in Czechoslovakia. Mojmir Vanek presided over this symposium.
This symposium, and especially Mojmir Vaněk´s speech at the beginning of the negotiations, was likely the reason why his Czechoslovak citizenship was revoked only a month after the symposium was held. This entry is the unique testimony of Mojmir Vanek about this symposium and was likely used as a record for the Society for Science and Art. Vanek himself regarded this event as an international manifestation, which at its level and its international focus was still the most significant enterprise of the Swiss group of the SVU.
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Problemos (Problems) is a Lithuanian academic philosophical journal published by Vilnius University. The journal was reorganised during the 1960s and 1970s, when the community of Soviet Lithuanian philosophers made attempts to produce a serious academic journal, with critical articles, reviews and translations of Western authors. This initiative was seen very negatively by cultural administrators at that time. The minutes of a meeting on 27 November 1972 demonstrates the attempts of the government to direct Problemos the ‘right way’. Philosophers, the authors of papers in Problemos, were criticised at the meeting for their passive ideological stance, and their lack of publications on communist ideology. After the meeting, the control of Problemos became stronger, and the content of its volumes was thematically limited. According to the philosopher Algimantas Jankauskas, after strengthening the controls, a core group of Lithuanian philosophers, including Romualdas Ozolas, started to think of producing an underground samizdat philosophy journal. But they later decided to keep to legal cultural opposition. They initiated and established a series of books on the history of philosophy ‘Filosofijos istorijos chrestomatija’ (Chrestomatia of the History of Philosophy), which resulted in a number of volumes being published in 1974-1987.
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10102 Vilnius O. Milašiaus gatvė 19 , Lithuania
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The documents present the continuing tendency of Prosvjeta’s leadership to expand Serbian influence in society and insure equality with the Croats, but they also reflect an attempt to justify this tendency, denying any oppositional activity by the Association (so-called counter-revolutionary activity) and rejecting comparisons with Matica hrvatska. The Conclusions of the Executive Committee and the Commission on Conclusions were in fact the working agenda the SCA Prosvjeta i.e., a list of priorities: reviving passive subcommittees and establishing new ones, launching a weekly magazine to cover cultural and social issues Srpska riječ, implementation of a scholarship and research work plan, restoring the museum of Serbs in Croatia, activation of the Documentation Department under the Prosvjeta SCA Main Comittee, the Association's active participation in deliberations on amendments to the Constitution of the SRC and the proposal for constitutional and legal regulation of the status of Serbs in Croatia (equality of languages and scripts in all segments of society, education of Serbian children in special school programs), the establishment of a roughly a dozen commissions with the Main Comittee, and enhanced funding. A change in the Association's name was also proposed: to Prosvjeta – Serbian Union of Croatia, also the convening of the Second Congress of Serbs in Croatia and re-establishment of a Serbian caucus which was supposed to have been decided at the next, twelfth, annual assembly, which, however, was never held because the association’s further work was halted.
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Zagreb Trg Marka Marulića 21, Croatia 10000
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